Endothelial Conditions in Covid-19 and The Vaccines Adverse Events
Arteries stiffness in Covid and myocarditis in vaccinated children.
Arteries Stiffness in Covid Patients
Oxidativestress may be enhanced in endothelial cells in stiffer vessels, which could contribute to the association between arterial stiffness and cardiovascular disease. Arterial stiffness, which increases with hypertension and aging among others, is an independent predictor of cardiovascular risk. It contributes to endothelial dysfunction, an initiating step in atherosclerosis. Arteries stiffness occurs when smooth muscle cells contract and irreversibly stiffen as elastin is degraded and collagen increases.
Arteries stiffness in Covid is triggered by marked endothelial damage and inflammation. Vascular changes may result from a complex process involving either disturbed cell metabolism as a result of cell infection or immune impairment mediated by cellular immunity and cytokine actions.
We can find endothelial layer in arteries, lungs or heart, kidneys, and liver. Viral infections and prior chronic endothelial impairment may be the cause of endothelial function failures that lead to pathogenesis of sudden severe conditions in various organ. It may manifest as pneumonia and ARDS in the respiratory system, induce microcirculation disorders/myocardial injury in the heart, translate into activation of the coagulation pathway causing thrombosis or develop into tissue damage in the brain and in the kidneys.
The over all vasculature is affected very quickly by Covid. Severe Covid patients cfPWV (Carotid femoral Pulse Wave Velocity) was higher than the cfPWV in patients with long term chronic diseases. This indicates that COVID-19 damage to the vasculature within less than 15 days is comparable to the damage caused by CAD (Coronary Artery Disease) in number of years.
In another study (February 2020) it was reported that the carotid artery, which carries blood to the brain, was 27 percent less able to swell and 22 percent less elastic on average. The aortic artery, which carries blood away from the heart, was also affected. The study was for unhospitalized Covid patients (mild). Researcher found that carotid stiffness, Young’s modulus and the aortic augmentation index were greater in young adults who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 compared with healthy young adults. These findings provide additional evidence for detrimental effects of SARS-CoV-2 on young adult vasculature, which might have implications for cardiovascular health. The impact to cardiovascular health could last long after symptoms fade.
Changes in the stiffness and structure of arteries increase the risk of cardiovascular conditions, such as myocardial injury, arrhythmias, acute coronary syndrome, or blood clots.
Adverse Events (Myocarditis) of Covid Vaccines
Myocarditis is defined as inflammation of the myocardium. In children, myocarditis (heartburn) is a rare condition. The symptomps are chest pains, shortness of breath, very fatigued, electrocardiogram (EKG) changes and elevated cardiac biomarkers. The echocardiogram shows reduced ventricular functions. The normal most common pathogen is Coxsackievirus. But other enteroviruses, influenza, rubella, adenoviruses and SARS-CoV-2 have also implicated in myocarditis cases.
In normal condition, 1-2 cases per every 100,000 children, according to CTFA President. Myocarditis represent only 0.3% of 14,322 patients seen over a 23-year period at Texas Children’s Hospital. During this pandemic, children are also reported died because of acute myocarditis.
According to CDC, myocarditis among younger vaccine recipients after a “relatively few” cases of the unusual heart symptom surfaced. Since the numbers are small and treatable, it won’t be a major case, CDC concluded. In general, after 3-4 days they are out of the hospitals. Yale New Haven Children’s and Connecticut Children’s logic are children are recovering from the inflammation of the heart but have died from Covid. Experts are not sure what long term effects are the children will experience as a result of developing this serious conditions.
In France, 5 myocarditis cases were reported after Pfizer vaccine. French National Agency for Medicines announced it on April 30 2021. The Agency stated that the available information does not provide enough elements, at this stage, to conclude that vaccine players a role, but it nevertheless constitutes a potential signal that needs to be monitored. Switzerland only reported one case of myocarditis in vaccinated.
The adverse events mostly appears after the second dose, predominantly in adolescent and young adults, more often in males than in females, typically happens within four days after vaccination.
It is important for parents and vaccinated people to pay an extra attention to early signs of Myocarditis. A late treatment will lead to the fatal outcomes.
Main sources:
https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.12.18.20248317v1
https://physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1113/EP089481
https://www.atlantis-press.com/journals/artres/125947864/view
Pictures taken from:
https://images.app.goo.gl/Si2VeYk42tyTjx2x5
http://www.secondscount.org/pediatric-center/pediatric-detail?cid=d0c36202-3ca1-4ea3-9d39-1525b56a0a58#.YK8wFWkxV6E